Multiplex electrig-arg-lamp



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

R. H. MATHER.

MULTIPLEX ELECTRIC ARG LAMP.

No. 306,764. Patented Oct. 21, 1884 "I ll Witn esses: Inventor,

% (Max/ &4, I 6 (011 N. PETERS Fhola-Lllhngmphen Washinglan, D. c.

2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

.(No Model.)

B. H. MATHER. MULTIPLEX ELECTRIC ARC LAMP.

Patented Oct. 21, 1884.

Inventor,

Wicnss es:

A JXMQU,

N PETERS. Pholu-Lilmgraphur. Washin wn. D. C

UNTTnn S%TaTns PaTnNT Qu nton. A

ItICHARD II. MATHER, F IVINDSOR, CONNECTICUT.

iVlULTlPLEX ELECTRlCd-lRC LAMP.

EIICIFZCATIEDN forming part Of Letters Patent NO. 306,76, dated QCtObQI 21, 1884:.

Application filed August30,1883. (X0 model.)

.To (LZZ whom it may concern:

lle it known that I, Brennan H. Marnnn, a citizen of the United States, residing in the town of ,Windsor,cou nty of Hartford, and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and us'ei'ul Improvements in Electric-Arc Lamps,

of which the following is a full, clear, and ex act description, whereby a person skilled in the art to which it appertains can make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings.

Myinvention relates to that class of electricarc lamps in which two or more sets of carbons are combined to operate successively and afford a continuous light, regardless of the consumption of the carbons and without any manual interference.

The object of my invention is to so construct, arrange, and connect a series of single lamps as to make a duplex or multiplex lamp, which will burn until the several sets of carbons are successively consumed, and in particular to accomplish this object by means of a compound automatic switch, whose contact-points are the carbons of the lamp I It is proper to observe that my invention is not limited in its application to any specific form of lamp. I shall describe it, however, in the form shown in the drawings. as applied to an electric lamp and regulator thereof having a carbon-holder with a rod or tube which slides through a friction-clutch, such clutch being operated by a differential magnet or its equivalent, to move such carbon rod or holder, and thus to separate the carbons and produce the voltaic-arc light.

The distinctive principle of my invention is conceived to lie in the construction and use of one or more supplementary coils of insulated conducting-wire, adapted to re-enforce the ac iion of the primary coil of the feed-maguet-, together with appropriate connections so arranged that the electric current shall automaticall y control and operate in succession the several membersof an electric-arc lamp consisting of several members.

So far as concerns this case, I disclaim all things which are claimed in my application No. 113,578, fora patent for improvement in electric-are lamps, filed December 5, 1883.

I proceed to point out the best mode in which I have contemplated applying the principle.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is avertical section of a duplex lamp embodying my invention as applied to an electric lamp of two members, and Fig. 2 is an isometrical view of a triplex lamp embodying my inven tion.

In Fig. 1, A and B are two single electric-arc lamps supported in a suitable frame. These lamps are of any ordinary constructiomare pro vided each with an automatic feeding mechanism ofthe kind above mentioned, and indicated in the drawings, and are peculiar in their 0011- struction only as hereinafter mentioned. A large wire, P, connected with either polcof the generator separates at any convenient point into two branches, a and Z). The branch a proceeds to the magnet in lamp A, is wound about the core thereof, and constitutes the large wire coil or main helix 0. After being so wound aboutsaid core in the usual manner, the branch wire a, on leaving said magnet, passes, as shown at d, to lamp B, and there is wound about the core of the electrounagnet of lamp B, as a supplementary coil e, adapted to re-enforce the electro magnetic action of the primarycoilh, hereinafter mentioned. The supplementaryeoilcshould be wound to a slightly greater efficiencysayten per cent. greater than is the said primary coil h. After passing a suitable number of times about the core of the magnet in lamp B, where it constitutes the helix 0, as described, the said branch wire a leaves the magnet of lamp B and passes by the line and wiref to upper carbon gin lamp A, and is electrically connected therewith.

' The branch wire Z) proceeds from P to the magnet of lamp B, is wound about the core thereof, and constitutes the said primary coil or main helix h in lamp B. After so passing a suitlargewireli'om theother pole olfthe generator separates at any convenient point N into two branches, 0/ and b, which are respectively connected with the remaining carbons 7t and Z.

Over the coil 0 in lamp A is wound a line wire, in 0 a, forming lheline-wire coil 0. One end of this wire is connected with the carbon and the other end of the same is connected with carbon 7.", whereby a simple differential magnet is formed in the lamp A. In like manner a line wire wonndover the coils h and w, and connected by the wires p and q with the carbons j and Z, constitutes theshunt-coil r, and creates a differential magnet in lamp 13.

It is to be understood that the coil 0 is wound to a greater strength and efficiency than the coil r.

In that class of lamps which, instead of a differentialmagnet, contains a linewirc magnet and a coarse-wire magnet pulling in opposite directions the supplementary coil is to be wound on the same core with the main coil.

The coils 7i, 0, and 0' may be arranged in any order; but I prefer to arrange them in the order named, beginning at the core. The same is true concerning the coils c and o.

Such being the construction of my duplex lamp, the mode of its operation is as follows: The connections being made as above de scribed, and the carbons of each set separately being in contact, and the generator being active, the electric current from 1 follows the branch wires a and 0 through both lamps as follows, viz: That portion of the current which follows the branch it passes through the helix 0, the connecting-wire (I, the supplementary helix 6?, the connecting-wiref, the carbons g and It, and the branch a to N and the generator. That portion of the current which follows the branch 1) passes through the main helix 7:, the connect jug-wire 2 the carbonsj and l, and the branch 7/ to N and the generator. A small fractional part. however, of the current through P, a, c, (I, c, j, g, 7., a, and N as it passes from I to]; is diverted through the helix 0 and the fine wire in and '21, and in like manner asmall fractional part-forinstance, one per cent. of the current through I, I), 71, i, j, 'l, l), and l\'-as it passes between the carbons] and 6 is diverted through the line wirep and and the helixr. Suchis the course pursued by the electric current the instant the above conditions are fulfilled. The effect of the passage of the electric current from 1? to X in the courses described is first visible in lamp 13,-where, on account of the fact that the coils l1. and (2 together in lamp ]3 are of greater efficiency than is the single helix c in lamp A, the lifter in lamp B moves :lirst and the carbons j and Z separate from each other, whereby the current which passed between 5; and Z is diverted and made to pass through lamp A. hen the carbons j and Z separate, the current through the main coil IL is interrupted; but at the same time the whole current is now passing through the main coil 0 and the supplementary coil (2,

so that the current which previously was passing through the main coil 71 now passes through the supplementary coil 0, together with the current which was at first passingthrough the said coil 0, so that the effective magnetism of the magnet .in lamp 1) practically constant, whether the carbonsj and. Z are in contact or not. The reason why the arc is notestahlishcd at j Z when the carbon j is first raiscd'lihrough the efficiency ofcoilscandh lies inthelhctlhal by the raising ol'thc carbon 7 the current I. I: la

ij Z I) N is short-circuited through l a c d ('f 1 l. a N. The increased effect which is pro duced in the magnet oflamp A. by the separa tion of the carhonsj and l, in the manner described, raises the lifter and rod :in lamp A, and separates the carbons and so that the voltaic-arc light then appears in lamp A. This light continues until the feed. in lamp A. is arrested by means of thcstop onlhe carbon rod in lamp A, and as the carbons in lamp A are gradually consumed while the feed has been arrested, the voltaic are between 9 and l.- lengthens, and an incrcz'ising currentis passed through the shunt-coils o and r by the way of the line wires m a and q p. As the current through the shunt-coils increases, the shuntcoil r overcomes and neutralizes the effect of the supplementary coil 0, and so allows the lamp 1; to feed till its carbons j and Z meet in electrical connection. The whole current which passed through the carbons and 7. at once passes through the lamp 13, the light in A goes out, and the increased current through the helix It causes the carbons) and 7 to sepa rate, so that the voltaicarc light is produced between them. Ilt is to be understood that the electric current through the sliuntcoils is never interrupted in either member of this duplex lamp while the latter in operation.

in order to apply to a lamp of three members or elements the principles of my :invezr tion, which have already been shown in their application to a duplex lamp, it is necessary to increase, modify, arrange, and connect the elements, as shown in the drawings, Fig. 2. and as hereinafter ex 'ilaincd.

In Fig. 2, A, B, and C are the nmgncts which severally operate the feed mechanism of the three members oi'such lamp, respectively. A. the magnet ol" the first member in the series, is iir-onstructed in the same way as is the mag net above described in the member A of my duplexl am p hereinbctore described. Also, l l, the magnet of the second member of my triplex lamp, is constructed in the same way as is the magnet, above described, of the member ll of my duplex lamp aforesaid. .l.he1nagnet G of the third member of my triplex lamp is similar to the magnet B; but, instead of be ing wound with a primary coil, a supplement ary coil, and a shunt-coil merely, O has a pri mary coil, 0, a first su )1' lcmentary coil, I)", and a second supplementary coil, 5, besides the fine-wire shuntcoil s.

The four coils c, I)", 5, and a in magnet (,3

Itll

l l t.)

ISC

may be arranged. in any order; but I prefer them wound in the order named, beginning at the core. The first si'mplenientary coil 7) should be of about ten per cent. greater cfficiency than the primary ,coil 0; and the sec ond supplementary coil, 5, should in like manner be of somewhat greater efficiency than I); but all the primary coils 1, b, and 0 should be of equal eflicacy. The first supplementary coils, 3 and I), should also be equal. All the .coils or helices represented in Fig. 2 are of coarse wire, excepting the coils s, .5, and s", which are of fine wire, and are connected as shunts to their respective carbons in the usual manner of diifcrential magnets.

In my triplex lamp a large wire, I, Fig. 2, connected with one pole of the generator, 'divides into three branches, (1 7), and c, and a corresponding large wire, N, from the other pole of the generator separates into three branches, a, Z), and c, which are electrically connected with the three lower carbons of the triplex lamponc branch with each carbon. The remaining connections in this lamp will be readily understood from the operation of this lamp, as hereinafter explained, from the drawings, Fig. 2, and from the-foregoing description of like connections in my duplex lamp.

Such being the construction of my triplex lamp, the mode of its operation is as follows: \Vhen the current is not passing through the lamp, the positive and negative carbons of each set or member are in actual contact, but when a current is passed through the lamp, the connections having been made as indicated, the electric current from I, Fig. 2, follows the branch wires a, I), and 0 through the three members of the lamp, as follows, viz: That portion of the current which follows the branch (L passes through the helix 1 in magnet A, and thence follows the connecting-wire 2 to magnet 13, where it passes through the supplementary helix 3; then it follows the connecting-wire 4 to magnet G, where it passes through the second supplementary helix, 5; thence it follows the connecting-wire (i to the upper carbon D; thence through the lower carbon 1*], and thence by the branch wire a to the large wire N and the generator. In like manner that portion of the current which follows the branch 1) passes through the helix 1) in magnet I3, thence follows the connecting-wire If to magnet C, where it passes through the helix 0", whence it follows the connecting-wire Z) to the upper carbon F, and thence goes by the way of the lower carbon Gr and the branch wire I) to the main wire N and the generator. In like manner that portion of the current which follows the branch 0 passes through the helixc in magnet C, thence follows the connecting-wire c from magnet C to the upper carbon H, and thence passes by the way of the carbons- H and I and the branch wire 0 and the wire N to the generator. A small fractional part, however, of

is diverted through the shunt-coil s by the way of fine'wires, (not shown in the drawings) and in a similar manner a small percentage of the current from H to I is diverted through the shunt-coil 5". Such is the course pursued by the electric current when the latter is passed through my triplex lamp. The effect of the passage of such current from I? to N in the courses described is first visible in connection with magnet 0. Since the magnetism produced in O by means of the helices 5, b, and c is greater than that produced in A or B by means of the coarse-wire coils in those magnets, respectively, the lifter which is actuated by magnet 0 moves first, and the carbons II and I are separated from eachother, whereby the current which at first passed from H to I is now diverted and made to pass through the magnets A and B. \Vhen the carbons H and I separate, the current through the main coil 0 is interrupted, but at the same time the whole current is now passing through the main coils 1 and I) and the supplementary coils 3, b and 5, so that the current which was before passing through the main coil 0 now passes through the supplementary coils b and 5, together with the current which was at first passing through the coils I)" and 5; hence the efl'ect-ivemagnetism in C is practically constant, whether the carbons II and I are in contact or not. Upon the interruption of the current between II and I in the manner stated the remaining magnets A and B arein practically the same predicameut,are connected in the same way, and being, as above stated, constructed in the same way, are'caused to operate in the same way, upon the same principles, and subject to the same explanation, and are productive of the same effects in this my triplex lamp as are the corresponding magnets of the members A and B in my duplex lam p,herei nbefore described. In short, the magnets A and I then become the magnets of a duplex lamp of the type hereinbefore described; and when,in the operation of such duplex lamp containing the magnets A and B, the carbons D and E are consumed and separated then the magncts B and 0 become in turn the magnets of a duplex lamp of the same type and operate in the same .way to produce the electric light first between F and G and then between H and I.

From the foregoing it is obvious that in my improved lamp the carbons constitute the contact-points in a compound automatic switch, governing and coordinating the action of the several members of the lamp in the manner described.

The )llllOl les of myinvention, which have- I P i now been shown in their application to a du plex and to a triplex lamp, maybe applied to a multiple); lamp of any desired number of lamp, substantially as and for the purpose members more than three by simple extension and addition without the introduction of any new principle. It all the fine wires and shunt coils be omitted from any lamps which arein other respects constructed as above specified, such lamps, it not connected in a series, still operate satisfactorily, and may be made so to operate even in a series.

I claim the following as my invention:

1. in an electrical-c lamp containing two or more members or of carbons, a differential magnet wound in the ordinary manner, in combination with a dill'erential magnet wound with a primary coil, a shunt-coil, and a supplementary coil, each of said magnets having a variable magnetic efficiency dependent upon the number and electromagnetic energy of such of the said coils as are brought into operation for the time being, substantially as described, and operating as setl'ort-h, for the purpose specified.

2. In an electric-arc lamp, two or more pairs or sets of carbons and a series consisting of a corresponding number of differential electromagncts, the first ot' such magnets being wound with a primary coil and a shunt-coil, and the second of such magnets being wound with a primary coil, a shunt-coil, and. a supplementary coil, said magnets being connected with each other, as delineated, and each of said magnets having a variable magnetic effect dependent upon the number and elect1ro-magnetic energy of such of the said coils as are energized for the time being, in combination with an equal number of intermediate feed mechanisms actuated by said magnets.

3. In an eleetricarc lamp containing two or more members or sets of carbons, a series consisting of a eorrespoiulingnumber of di'tl'ercntial magnets in combination, the first of said magnets being wound with a primary coil and a shunt-coil, the second of said magnets being wound with a primary coil, a shunt-coil, and one supplementary coil, the third of said magnets being wound with a primary coil,a shuntcoil, and two supplementary coils, and so on, as described, all of said magnets being interconnected in the manner shown, and each of said magnets having a variable magnetic ef l'ect dependent upon the number and electromagnetic energy of such of the coils thereof as may be traversed for the time being by the electric current, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

at. In an electricarc lamp containing two or more members or sets of carbons,a compound differential clectro-magnet wound with a primary coil, a differential coil, and one or more independent supplementary coils, said magnet having a variable magnetic effect dependent upon the number and the variable elect-ro magnetic energy of such of the coils thereof as may, for the time being, he traversed by the electric current operating such shown. 7

in an electricarc lamp eontainingtwo or more pairs or sets of carbons,a series consist.-

ing of a corresponding number of di'l'tercntial electro-magnets, the first magnet in said series being wound with a primary coil and a shuntcoil, the second magnet in said series being wound with a primary coil, a slmnt-coil, and a su mlcmentary coil, and the third magnet in said series being wound with a primary coil, a shunt-coihand two independent supple mentary coils, and so on, as described, said magnets being connected with each other, as shown, and each of said magnets having a va riablc magnetic cficct dependent upon the number and variable electromagnetic energy of such of the coils thereof as may, for the time being, be traversed by the electric can rent.

6. In an electric-arc lamp containing two or more pairs or sets of carbons, a carbon rod or holder and an electro-magnct wound (littercntially with two or more llltlUPOIltlOlll) coils, in combination with intiamediate feed n1echanism actuated thereby, whereby said carbons may be made to approach,reccde,or stay apart, according to the number and variable electro magnetic efficiency of such of the said coils as may, for the time being, bc traversed by the electric current, substantially as shown, and operating as described, for the purpose specified.

T. ln an electric-arc lamp containing two or more pairs or sets of carbons,a series consisting of a corresponding number of dil'tcrential electromagnets, the first magnet in said series being wound with. a primary coil and a difterential or shunt coil, the second magnet in said series being wound with a primary coil, a differential coil, and a sup ilementary coil, the third magnet in said series being wound with a primary coil, a diil'erentizrl coil, and two supplementary coils, and so on, as described, in combination with an equal nuns ber of spring-armatures actuated by said magnets similarly or dissimilarly, according to the course pursued by the electric current in pass ing through said magnets, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

S. An electric-arc lamp containing two or more pairs or sets of carbons whose feed mechanisms are actuated by a series consisting ol.

In. testimony whereof I have hereunto set 10 my name in the presence of two subscribing anisins are actuated by a series consisting of a corresponding number of differential eieetaro-magnets, the first magnet in said series bewitnesses.

ing Wound with a shunt-c0i1 and one differential coil, and the, last magnet in said series RICHARD H. MATHEB. being wound with a shunteoil and with two or more differential coils, a compound auto- \Vitnesses:

matie switch whose contact-points severally RALPH H. PARK, coincide with the points of said carbons.

CHARLES E. HUBBARD. 

